caracal
GTK+ Guru
Joined: 21 Jun 2007
Posts: 207
Location: Wilkes Barre Pa
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 Posted: Thu Oct 23, 2008 5:57 pm Post subject: How to use Lua with C. |
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About Lua
Lua is the most popular scripting language for game development, has been described as the de facto standard for game scripting, and is the language of Baldur's Gate, Escape from Monkey Island, FarCry, Grim Fandango, Homeworld 2, Illarion, Impossible Creatures, Psychonauts, The Sims, and World of Warcraft. Adobe, Disney, Electronic Arts, Intel, LucasArts, Microsoft, NASA, Olivetti, and Philips all use Lua heavily.
How to call a C Function from Lua
luaavg.c
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#include <stdio.h>
#include "lua.h"
#include "lualib.h"
#include "lauxlib.h"
/* gcc -o luaavg luaavg.c -I/usr/local/include -L/usr/local/lib -llua -lm -ldl */
/* the Lua interpreter */
lua_State* L;
static int average(lua_State *L)
{
/* get number of arguments */
int n = lua_gettop(L);
double sum = 0;
int i;
/* loop through each argument */
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
{
/* total the arguments */
sum += lua_tonumber(L, i);
}
/* push the average */
lua_pushnumber(L, sum / n);
/* push the sum */
lua_pushnumber(L, sum);
/* return the number of results */
return 2;
}
int main ( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
/* initialize Lua */
L = lua_open();
/* load Lua base libraries */
luaL_openlibs(L);
/* register our function */
lua_register(L, "average", average);
/* run the script */
luaL_dofile(L, "avg.lua");
/* cleanup Lua */
lua_close(L);
/* pause */
printf( "Press enter to exit..." );
getchar();
return 0;
}
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avg.lua
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-- call a C function
avg, sum = average(10, 20, 30, 40, 50)
print("The average is ", avg)
print("The sum is ", sum)
avg, sum = average(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
print("The average is ", avg)
print("The sum is ", sum)
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How to call a Lua Function from C
luadd.c
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#include <stdio.h>
#include "lua.h"
#include "lualib.h"
#include "lauxlib.h"
/* gcc -o luadd luadd.c -I/usr/local/include -L/usr/local/lib -llua -lm -ldl */
/* the Lua interpreter */
lua_State* L;
int luaadd ( int x, int y )
{
int sum;
/* the function name */
lua_getglobal(L, "add");
/* the first argument */
lua_pushnumber(L, x);
/* the second argument */
lua_pushnumber(L, y);
/* call the function with 2 arguments, return 1 result */
lua_call(L, 2, 1);
/* get the result */
sum = (int)lua_tointeger(L, -1);
lua_pop(L, 1);
return sum;
}
int main ( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
int sum;
/* initialize Lua */
L = lua_open();
/* load Lua base libraries */
luaL_openlibs(L);
/* load the script */
luaL_dofile(L, "add.lua");
/* call the add function */
sum = luaadd( 10, 15 );
/* print the result */
printf( "The sum is %d\n", sum );
/* cleanup Lua */
lua_close(L);
/* pause */
printf( "Press enter to exit..." );
getchar();
return 0;
}
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add.lua
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-- add two numbers
function add ( x, y )
return x + y
end
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How to execute a Lua Script from C.
luatest.c
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#include "lua.h"
#include "lualib.h"
#include "lauxlib.h"
/* gcc -o luatest luatest.c -I/usr/local/include -L/usr/local/lib -llua -lm -ldl */
int main()
{
int s=0;
lua_State *L = lua_open();
// load the libs
luaL_openlibs(L);
//run a Lua scrip here
luaL_dofile(L,"foo.lua");
printf("\nAllright we are back in C.\n");
lua_close(L);
return 0;
}
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foo.lua
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io.write("Please enter your name: ")
name = io.read() -- read input from user
print ("Hi " .. name .. ", did you know we are in lua right now?")
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How to get a Varible value from Lua to C.
test.c
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <lua.h>
#include <lualib.h>
#include <lauxlib.h>
#include <string.h>
/* gcc -o test test.c -I/usr/local/include -L/usr/local/lib -llua -lm -ldl */
int main()
{
lua_State *L = lua_open();
if(luaL_loadfile(L,"settings.lua") || lua_pcall(L,0,0,0))
printf("Error failed to load %s",lua_tostring(L,-1));
else
{
lua_getglobal(L,"screenWidth");
const int screenWidth = lua_tonumber(L,-1);
printf("Screen Width = %d \n", screenWidth);
lua_getglobal(L,"appName");
const char *appName = luaL_checkstring(L, -1);
printf("Screen Name = %s \n", appName);
}
lua_close(L);
/* If we got this far, everything worked */
printf("Success!\n");
return 0;
}
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settings.lua
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appName = "Firefox"
screenWidth = 400
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How to make a Lua Module for a C function using Cinvoke.
libtest.c
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int sum(int a, int b)
{
return (a+b);
}
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gcc -fPIC -c libtest.c
gcc -shared libtest.o -o libtest.so
echo $HOME
mkdir $HOME/example
cp libtest.so $HOME/example
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$HOME/example
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require("cinvoke_lua")
libtest = clibrary.new("libtest.so")
sum = libtest:get_function(Cint, "sum", Cint, Cint)
print(sum(5, 10))
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How to make a Lua Module for a C function using Swig.
How to Build Dynamic Module:
ath.c
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#include <stdio.h>
#include "ath.h"
int add(int x, int y) {
return x+y;
}
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ath.h
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| extern int add(int x, int y); |
ath.i
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/* ath.i */
%module ath
%{
extern int add(int x, int y);
%}
extern int add(int x, int y);
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Build:
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swig -lua ath.i
gcc -I/usr/include/lua -c ath_wrap.c -o ath_wrap.o -llua -lm -ldl
gcc -c ath.c -o ath.o
gcc shared I/usr/include/lua L/usr/lib/lua ath_wrap.o ath.o o ath.so -llua -lm -ldl
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Usage Example:
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require("ath")
print(ath.add(10, 80))
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or
How to Build Statically Linked with Swig:
ath.c
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#include <stdio.h>
#include "ath.h"
int add(int x, int y) {
return x+y;
}
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ath.h
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| extern int add(int x, int y); |
ath.i
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/* ath.i */
%module ath
%{
extern int add(int x, int y);
%}
extern int add(int x, int y);
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min.c
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#include <stdio.h>
#include "lua.h"
#include "lualib.h"
#include "lauxlib.h"
#include "ath.h"
extern int luaopen_ath(lua_State* L); // declare the wrapped module
int main(int argc,char* argv[]) {
lua_State *L;
if (argc<2)
{
printf("%s: <filename.lua>\n",argv[0]);
return 0;
}
L=lua_open();
luaopen_base(L); // load basic libs (eg. print)
luaopen_ath(L); // load the wrappered module
if (luaL_loadfile(L,argv[1])==0) {
lua_pcall(L,0,0,0);
}
return 0;
}
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test.lua
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print(ath.add(10, 80))
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Build:
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swig -lua ath.i
gcc -I/usr/include/lua -c min.c -o min.o
gcc -I/usr/include/lua -c ath_wrap.c -o ath_wrap.o -llua -lm -ldl
gcc -c ath.c -o ath.o
gcc -I/usr/include/lua -L/usr/lib/lua min.o ath.o ath_wrap.o -o my_lua -llua -lm -ldl
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Usage Example:
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./my_lua test.lua
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Please report any broken code so i can fix it.
Thanks Caracal |
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